Compound Movements
The essays in this section deal with the basic ideas that underlie movements in joints. They range from a fairly simple introduction to a number of papers that deal with basic, but sophisticated, concepts related to rotations in three-dimensional space.
 | Snakes, Swan’s Necks, and Puppy Dog Tails [ Word | HTML |PDF ] This essay considers systems in whch the same basic unit is linked into a series, such as occurs in the spines of snakes, bird's necks and tails. |
 | Anatomical Descriptions That Compute Functional Attributes [ Word | HTML | PDF ] This essay is a general introduction to the concepts of quaternions and framedvectorsandthesubsidiary concept of frames of reference. The presentation has minimal equationsand those presented are used principally to illustrate how one might apply theconcepts to describe an anatomical structure and deduce quantitative consequencesof movement in such structures. |
 | Compound Movements in Multi-joint Systems [ Word | HTML | PDF ] This essay considers the mathematics of multi joint systems, such as the shoulder and elbow, working together. |
 | The Anatomical Geometry of Muscles Sets [ Word | HTML | PDF ] |
 | How Ligaments Restrict Movement [ Word | HTML | PDF ] |
 | Muscle Set Surfaces as a Function of Joint Anatomy [ Word | HTML | PDF ] This essay considers the way that muscle set surfaces are calculated from a givenanatomical arrangement and applies the analysis to the deltoid muscle in theshoulder joint. |
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